Publications
Proceedings pro012 : International RILEM Workshop on Historic Mortars: Characteristics and Tests Paisley, Scotland (1999)
Title: International RILEM Workshop on Historic Mortars: Characteristics and Tests Paisley, Scotland (1999) Edited by P. Bartos, C. Groot and J. J. Hughes ISBN: 2-912143-15-2 e-ISBN: 2351580273 Pages: 460 Publication date: 1999 |
The return to traditional materials and techniques, within present-day technical and economic circumstances, revealed large gaps in factual knowledge, which often relied on fragmented historical records and a lack of understanding of fundamental processes underlying good performance of existing historic and new "traditional" mortars. A very strong demand has developed for an improved guidance for conservation practitioners, outlining good practice and underpinned by sound scientific and technical knowledge. Formation of the RILEM Technical Committee TC 167-COM on "Characterisation of old mortars with respect to their repair" in 1996 under the chairmanship of Dr Caspar Groot reflected this demand.
The Workshop differed substantially from other events in the built heritage field, which usually bring together only one of the several, often narrow sectors relevant to conservation. In Paisley, the participants reflected the great diversity and complex interdisciplinary activity, which prevails in the built heritage field. The event brought together art historians, conservation architects, custodians of historic buildings and monuments, structural engineers, geologists, material scientists, chemists and physicists, expert conservation craftsmen, specialist contractors and suppliers of mortar-related materials. Presentations, in a balanced manner, varied from applications of fundamental theory supported by atomic science and mathematical modelling to practical expertise in re-creation of ancient and traditional techniques and skills for production, handling of mortar and repair of historic masonry. The role of mortar was also rationally developed, from its the very beginning when dry-laid stone walls still prevailed in "pre-history" to sophisticated masonry, plasters and renders of recent centuries. There were vigorous discussions after each of the Sessions and the social events provided opportunities for further, more personal exchange of views and opinions. A review of the most significant contributions and conclusions stemming from the discussions is provided in the final chapter of this book.
Contents
Preface Author(s): P.J.M. Bartos |
Pages: XI - XIII |
RILEM Technical Committee TC 167-COM Members Author(s): P.J.M. Bartos |
Pages: XIV - XIV |
Organising Committee Author(s): P.J.M. Bartos |
Pages: XV - XV |
Part one: Introduction
The use of lime mortars in the context of dry stone build Author(s): I. Maxwell |
Pages: 3 - 13 |
Part two: Sampling and assessment of damage
Practical sampling of historic mortars Author(s): J.J. Hughes, K. Callebaut |
Pages: 17 - 26 |
Damage diagnosis and compatible repair mortars Author(s): P.J. van Hees |
Pages: 27 - 35 |
Examination of hydraulic lime mortars of medieval churches in Denmark Author(s): H.D. Andersen, H.D. Zimmermann, H. Friis, U. Schnell |
Pages: 37 - 42 |
Salt damage to the medieval plaster on a vault in Fanefjord
church Author(s): P.K. Larsen |
Pages: 43 - 50 |
Part three: Mortar characterisation schemes
Chemical-mineralogical and physical-mechanical investigations of old mortars Author(s): B. Middendorf, G. Baronio, K. Callebaut, J. Hughes |
Pages: 53 - 59 |
Procedure for a mortar type identification: a proposal Author(s): K. van Balen, E.-E. Toumbakari, M.-T. Blanco, J. Aguilera, F. Puertas, C. Sabbioni, G. Zappia, C. Riontino, G. Gobbi |
Pages: 61 - 70 |
A new protocol for the analysis of historic cementitious materials: Interim report Author(s): E. Goins |
Pages: 71 - 79 |
Proposal for a useful methodology for the study of ancient mortars Author(s): G. Martinet, B. Quenee |
Pages: 81 - 91 |
Part four: Chemical and mineralogical characterisation
Hydraulicity in lime mortars revisited Author(s): A.E. Charola, F.M.A. Henriques |
Pages: 95 - 104 |
Analysis of mortars containing pozzolanas Author(s): C. Bläuer Böhm |
Pages: 105 - 112 |
Petrographical, mineralogical and chemical characterisation of lime mortars in the saint-Michael's church (Leuven, Belgium) Author(s): K. Callebaut, W. Viaene, K. van Balen, R. Ottenburgs |
Pages: 113 - 123 |
Historical and scientific study of hydraulic mortars from the 19th century Author(s): K. Callebaut, J. Elsen, K. van Balen, W. Viaene |
Pages: 125 - 132 |
Analysis of mortars (to include historic mortars) by differential thermal analysis Author(s): P.R. Ellis |
Pages: 133 - 147 |
Environmental effects of SO2 on hydraulic mortars Author(s): M.T. Blanco-Varela, J. Aguilera, F. Puertas, A. Palomo, C. Sabbioni, C. Riontino, G. Zappia, O. Favoni, K. van Balen, E.E. Toumbakari |
Pages: 149 - 159 |
Part five: Physical characterisation and testing
Plasticity, water retention, soundness and sand carrying capacity: what a mortar needs Author(s): M.L. Thomson |
Pages: 163 - 171 |
A relationship between hydraulicity and permeability of hydraulic lime Author(s): P.F.G. Banfill, A.M. Foster |
Pages: 173 - 183 |
Portable probe gas permeametry in the testing of historic masonry and mortars Author(s): J. Valek, J.J. Hughes, P.J.M. Bartos |
Pages: 185 - 196 |
Effects of ageing on lime putty Author(s): E.F. Hansen, A. Tagle, E. Erder, S. Baron, S. Connell, C. Rodriguez-Navarro, K. van Balen |
Pages: 197 - 206 |
X-ray diffraction and enviromental electron microscopy of hydrated limes Author(s): G.C. Allen, K.R. Hallam, M. Radonjic, N.J. Elton, M. Farey, J. Ashurst |
Pages: 207 - 215 |
Thermal strains in repointed masonry: preliminary investigations using ESPI Author(s): A.T. Vermeltfoort, C.J.W.P. Groot, E. Wijen |
Pages: 217 - 226 |
Experimental study on the mechanical role of thick mortar joints in reproduced byzantine masonry Author(s): L. Binda, G. Baronio, C. Tedeschi |
Pages: 227 - 247 |
Moisture transfer at interfaces of porous materials: measurements and simulations Author(s): W. Depraetere, J. Carmeliet, H. Hens |
Pages: 249 - 259 |
Spalling of historic mortars: a numerical model Author(s): M. Drdácký, M.J. Válek, P.P. Procházka |
Pages: 261 - 270 |
Part six: Properties, composition and specification of new mortars
Mortar analysis and repair specification in the conservation of Scottish historic buildings Author(s): A.B. Leslie, P. Gibbons |
Pages: 273 - 280 |
Traditional craftmanship in modern mortars - Does it work in practice? Author(s): K. Fischer |
Pages: 281 - 285 |
Lime based mortars for restoration of historical mortars especially under wall paintings Author(s): D. Michoinová |
Pages: 287 - 295 |
Durability of lime-based mortars in a severe climate - Results from field and artificial ageing tests Author(s): A.M. Waldum, O. Anda |
Pages: 297 - 306 |
Mechanical and physical behaviour of lime mortars reproduced after the characterisation of historic mortar Author(s): G. Baronio, L. Binda, A. Saisi |
Pages: 307 - 325 |
Properties and durability of air lime-based mortars for limestone repairs on monuments Author(s): P. Bromblet |
Pages: 327 - 337 |
A comparative study of hydraulic lime-based mortars Author(s): J.M. Teutonico, G. Ashall, E. Garrod, T. Yates |
Pages: 339 - 349 |
The use of brick dust as pozzolanic addition to hydraulic lime mortars Author(s): D.C. Hughes, D.B. Sugden |
Pages: 351 - 359 |
Contribution to pointing mortar durability Author(s): A.H.P. Maurenbrecher, G.T. Suter, K. Trischuk, L. Fontaine |
Pages: 361 - 369 |
A new generation of cement-based renderings: an alternative to traditional lime-based mortars? Author(s): E. Marie-Victoire, P. Bromblet |
Pages: 371 - 393 |
Methodology for the design of injection grouts for consolidation of ancient masonry Author(s): E.-E. Toumbakari, D. van Gemert, T.P. Tassios |
Pages: 395 - 405 |
Dispersed hydrated lime: development and production, techniques and applications Author(s): R. Strotmann |
Pages: 407 - 411 |
Part seven: Case studies
A mortar's study for the Cantaber's house of Conimbriga, Portugal Author(s): A. Cardoso |
Pages: 415 - 423 |
A case study: mortar analysis at Pigeon Island National Landmark and Morne Fortune, St. Lucia, West Indies, interim report Author(s): S. Sass |
Pages: 425 - 434 |
Study of the traditional method of lime slaking and lime products making in Beijing, China Author(s): C. Liu |
Pages: 435 - 439 |
Part eight: Concluding summary
Historic mortars: characteristics and tests - Concluding summary and state-of-the-art Author(s): C.J.W.P. Groot, P.J.M. Bartos, J.J. Hughes |
Pages: 443 - 454 |