Proceedings pro002 : International RILEM Workshop on Chloride Penetration into Concrete Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, France (1995)

Title: International RILEM Workshop on Chloride Penetration into Concrete Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, France (1995) Edited by L.-O. Nilsson and J.-P. Ollivier ISBN: 2-912143-00-04 e-ISBN: 2912143454 Pages: 496 Publication date: 1995

Chloride penetration into concrete is one of the most decisive processes for durability and service-life of concrete structures. Design for durability of new structures, and maintenance and repair of existing structures, requires a correct understanding and quantification of the processes involved.


Throughout the world, much work has been done and is going on, but still we cannot predict the penetration process with any accuracy. On the contrary, recent findings show that a larger lack of knowledge exists than expected only a few years ago. At numerous international conferences and in papers published in journals, it seems that only more data is added but that very little new knowledge is gained. Improved discussion and cooperation, between researchers, as well as between researchers and engineers, may push development in a fruitful direction. This book is proposed to take a first step in this direction.

Contents

Foreword and Introduction

Pages: XIII - XV

Session 1: Chloride Binding

The determination of chloride binding relationships

Pages: 3 - 9

Quick method to determine free and bound chlorides in concrete

Pages: 10 - 16

Chloride penetration - non destructive determination of the free chloride content in mortar and concrete

Pages: 17 - 26

Effect of type of aggregate, temperature and drying/rewetting on chloride binding and pore solution composition

Pages: 27 - 35

Chloride binding isotherms - An approach by applying the modified BET equation

Pages: 36 - 42

An original method to determine the non linear chloride binding isotherm from bulk specimens of mortar

Pages: 43 - 50

Session 2. Steady state chloride diffusion

Diffusion behaviour of chloride ions in concrete

Pages: 53 - 63

On the non-applicability of unmodified Fick's laws to ion transport through cement based materials

Pages: 64 - 73

Evidence of the concentration dependent ionic diffusivity through saturated porous media

Pages: 74 - 76

Steady-state diffusion characteristics of cementitious materials

Pages: 77 - 84

Multi-scale modelling of the diffusivity of mortar and concrete

Pages: 85 - 94

Fundamentals of migration experiments

Pages: 95 - 104

An electrochemical method for accelerated testing of chloride diffusivity in concrete

Pages: 105 - 114

Rapid determination of chloride diffusivity in concrete with blending agents

Pages: 115 - 125

On chloride diffusion coefficients obtained by using the electrically accelerated methods

Pages: 126 - 134

Comparison of AASHTO T-277 (electrical) and AASHTO T-259 (90d ponding) results

Pages: 135 - 149

Determination of chloride diffusion coefficient using two different steady-state methods : influence of concentration gradient

Pages: 150 - 160

The effect of concentration on the accelerated chloride ion migration test for modified concretes

Pages: 161 - 168

Session 3: Non-steady state chloride transport

A non-parametric method for estimation of the diffusion coefficient of chloride in concrete

Pages: 171 - 181

Modelling of skin effects on diffusion processes in concrete

Pages: 182 - 194

A new approach to the analysis of time-dependent changes in chloride profiles to determine effective diffusion coefficients for use in modelling of chloride ingress

Pages: 195 - 205

A Windows program for the prediction of chloride penetration into submerged concrete

Pages: 206 - 215

Non-steady state chloride transport in modified concretes

Pages: 216 - 224

Chloride diffusion and resistivity testing of five concrete mixes for marine environment

Pages: 225 - 233

The effect of some test variables on chloride profiles

Pages: 234 - 242

Chloride penetration into cracked concrete

Pages: 243 - 249

Influence of the loading on the penetration of chlorides in reinforced concrete

Pages: 250 - 262

Session 4: Combined transport processes

Mixture theory applied to chemical reactions and diffusion of different mediums in mature concrete ; A hypothetical model, part I

Pages: 265 - 278

Mixture theory applied to chemical reactions and diffusion of different mediums in mature concrete ; A hypothetical model, part II

Pages: 279 - 289

Experimental investigations on binding of chloride and combined effects of moisture and chloride in cementitious materials

Pages: 290 - 301

Experimental results concerning combined transport of humidity and chloride in non steady state

Pages: 302 - 314

Chloride transport due to wick action in concrete

Pages: 315 - 324

Penetration of chlorides into concrete - Phenomena and consequences

Pages: 325 - 333

Chloride penetration due to the hydratation suction of the cement

Pages: 334 - 344

Session 5: Chloride environments

Chloride profiles in concrete repair materials

Pages: 347 - 355

Description of exposure to chloride of marine concrete strutures

Pages: 356 - 372

Session 6: Chloride profiles in concrete structures

Chloride penetration into concrete exposed to severe marine environment

Pages: 373 - 380

Chloride penetration results for several prestressed- concrete motorway viaducts in Slovenia

Pages: 381 - 387

Issues related to recent developments in service life specifications for concrete structures

Pages: 388 - 397

Practical non-steady state chloride transport as a part of a model for predicting the initiation period

Pages: 398 - 406

Design of rebar concrete covers in marine concrete structures. Deterministic approach

Pages: 407 - 416

Design of rebar concrete covers in marine concrete structures Probabilistic approach

Pages: 417 - 426

Session 7: Chloride threshold level

Chloride threshold levels for corrosion induced deterioration of steel in concrete

Pages: 429 - 440

Time to depassivation depending on concrete composition and environmental conditions

Pages: 441 - 452

Critical chloride concentrations for the onset of active reinforcement corrosion

Pages: 453 - 459

A proposed technique for determining chloride thresholds

Pages: 460 - 469

The importance of chloride diffusion

Pages: 470 - 480